Work Visa for South Africa
This page contains information on South African work visas for individuals. Should you represent a business requiring for two or more foreign employees in South Africa, please review our corporate services section or contact us for more information.
What is a Work Visa in South Africa
A work visa in South Africa is official permission granted by the Department of Home Affairs for a foreign national to undertake employment, or any other activities consistent with being employed, or consistent with the profession of the person, with or without remuneration or reward, within the country. It serves as legal authorisation to live and work in South Africa for a defined period, under conditions set out in immigration legislation and in the visa.
Under South African immigration law, the concept of “work” is broad. It covers any activity that involves rendering a service or engaging in business or trade, whether or not payment is received. This means even unpaid roles like volunteering or internships may fall under the definition of work and require proper authorisation.
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Difference between a Work Visa and a Work Permit in South Africa
The terms “work visa” and “work permit” are often used interchangeably, but there is a technical difference in South African immigration terminology.
Historically, South Africa issued work permits. However, since changes to the Immigration Act in 2014, the correct legal term is “work visa.” A work permit referred to authorisation issued under the old legislative framework, whereas a work visa is the current formal permission allowing a foreign national to work in South Africa. Under the current legislation, the term “permit” is used when referring to permanent residence only.
Despite the change in terminology, many people still speak of a “work permit South Africa,” especially in casual conversation. Legally and for official processes, “work visa” is the term used in applications and documents today.
Importance of the Right Visa for Working Legally in South Africa
Securing the correct work visa is crucial for anyone planning to work in South Africa. It protects both the employee and employer by ensuring that the employment relationship complies with the Immigration Act.
Holding the appropriate visa:
- Confirms you have the legal right to live and work in South Africa
- Enables you to sign employment and other contracts lawfully
- Allows you to open bank accounts, enter into rental agreements, and access services that require legal residency
- Reduces the risk of fines, deportation, or legal consequences
Employers are also legally required to ensure that any foreign national they employ has the correct visa for the role. Failure to do so can result in significant penalties and reputational damage, and in some cases even imprisonment.
General Work Visa Requirements South Africa
Anyone applying for a work visa in South Africa must meet certain legal and practical conditions. While specific requirements vary by visa type, several core criteria apply across the board.
General Eligibility Criteria (Note that this list is not comprehensive)
Applicants must have:
- A valid passport
- Proof of financial means and accommodation
- A clean immigration history
- A completed application with paid fees
Qualification Recognition and SAQA Evaluations
Many work visas, especially the critical skills visa and general work visa in South Africa, require proof that your qualifications are recognised locally. This involves a South African Qualifications Authority (SAQA) evaluation to confirm your credentials match South African standards.
Criminal Record and Police Clearance
Applicants over 18 must provide police clearance certificates from any country where they have lived for 12 months or more during the five years preceding their visa application. These clearances must be recent and available in the original.
Medical and Radiology Report
A medical report is required to prove you are in good health. Chest X-rays (radiological reports) are no longer required.
Employment Contracts and Employer Letters
Key documents include:
- A signed job offer detailing salary and terms
- A letter from the employer explaining why your skills are needed
- Registration with the relevant professional body, as applicable
Carefully following these and other work visa requirements in South Africa is crucial. Missing documents or errors can cause delays or refusals. It’s wise to check every detail or seek help from South African Immigration Consultants if you’re unsure.
How to Get a Work Visa in South Africa
Applying for a work visa (formerly work permit) in South Africa involves a few key steps and some essential costs to keep in mind.
Step-by-Step Application Process
Check Eligibility
Confirm which visa suits your situation, such as a general work visa. Intra-company transfer visa or critical skills visa, and ensure you meet the requirements.
Prepare Documents
Collect your passport, job offer, police clearances, medical reports, and, if needed, a SAQA evaluation of foreign qualifications, as well as other documents that may be relevant and/or required in your case.
Book (if applicable) and Attend VFS or South African Foreign Mission Appointment
Schedule an appointment (if needed), submit documents, and provide biometrics.
Await Outcome
Once processed, you’ll collect your visa decision from VFS or the South African mission in your home country or country of residence.
Costs and Government Fees
Visa fees vary by type. Additional costs can include document translations, SAQA evaluations, and legalisation of documents.
Visa Processing Times South Africa
Processing can take several weeks or months, depending on visa type and document completeness. Delays often occur due to missing documents or extra checks by authorities.
Frequently Asked Questions
Can I bring my family on a work visa?
Yes. Spouses, long-term life partners, and minor children can usually accompany you, but they’ll need their own visas. Family members who wish to work or study will require separate authorisation.
Can I change employers while on a work visa?
In most cases, no. These visas are linked to a specific employer and job. Changing employers usually means applying for a new visa.
How long does it take to obtain a work visa in South Africa?
Processing times vary. Some visas can be finalised in a few weeks, while others may take several months.
Do voluntary positions require a work visa?
Yes and no. Even unpaid roles are considered “work” under South African law, so a visa or specific authorisation is still necessary. However, unpaid work will not qualify you for a work visa. Instead, a visa to conduct voluntary or charitable activities may be available.
How much does a work visa cost in South Africa?
Costs depend on the visa type. Besides government fees, you might pay for document translations, SAQA evaluations, and other paperwork.
Is it possible to apply for permanent residency after holding a work visa?
Yes. Time spent on certain visas, such as the general work visa, can count towards eligibility for permanent residency in South Africa. Those with proven critical skills may be able to apply for permanent residence immediately.
Can I apply for a work visa while already in South Africa?
No. Most visa applications must be lodged in your home country or country of residence, unless you qualify for certain in-country changes under special circumstances.
What happens if my work visa expires while I am in South Africa?
Staying in South Africa with an expired visa can lead to fines, being declared undesirable, and possible bans on returning. It’s crucial to apply for renewal well before your visa expires, or to leave the country while it is still valid.
Can I start working while waiting for my visa to be approved?
No. In most cases you may only start working once you hold a valid visa. Working without one is illegal, even if your application is in progress.
Is a job offer required for all types of work visas?
Yes. All work visas require a formal job offer. The critical skills visa could previously be issued without an offer, but this option has been abolished.
Do I need to prove language skills to get a work permit in South Africa?
South Africa does not formally require language tests for visas, but you must be able to understand and complete documentation in English. Skills in one of the official South African languages add points to the points-based assessment necessary for the general work visa.
Can my work visa be revoked?
Yes. A work visa can be cancelled if you break visa conditions, such as working for a different employer without permission or committing a criminal offence.
Does having a work visa mean I automatically qualify for permanent residency?
No. Time spent on certain visas can count towards permanent residency eligibility, but you must still meet all requirements and apply separately.
Can self-employed people get a work visa in South Africa?
Self-employed individuals generally require a business visas. Work visas are designed for employment with a specific employer.
Is there an age limit for applying for a work visa in South Africa?
There’s no strict age limit, but applicants must be able to prove employability and meet health and financial requirements.
How long is a work visa valid for in South Africa?
The validity varies by visa type. Some are issued for up to five years, while others, like the intra-company transfer visa, have shorter periods and may not be renewable.